Moshe Arens in Shdema Speaks: Warsaw Ghetto Events - Jewish World - News - Israel National News

Moshe Arens in Shdema Speaks: Warsaw Ghetto Events - Jewish World - News - Israel National News: "Anielewicz was also killed, but Lubetkin, Cukierman and dozens others escaped through the sewage pipes, came to Israel, wrote books and told their half of the story. There was no one left to tell the full story”.

Due to the suppression of the full story of the fighting in the Ghetto, the only comprehensive and reliable source remaining  to study the details of the battles were the German records. General Jürgen Stroop, commander of the forces, issued a daily update, and sometimes twice a day, with a detailed description of everything that occurred each and every day. "



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Moshe Arens in Shdema Speaks: Warsaw Ghetto Events - Jewish World - News - Israel National News

Moshe Arens in Shdema Speaks: Warsaw Ghetto Events - Jewish World - News - Israel National News: "Anielewicz and Frenkiel had different plans for the fight against the Germans. Frenkiel wanted to have a direct confrontation with the German army and to that end they positioned themselves at Muranowska Square, raised the Zionist flag, later to become the Israeli flag, and the Polish flag. Himmler had the flags taken down and for a few days a battle was waged over the flags”.

There was no one to tell of this battle, because Paweł Frenkiel and his men were killed in the fighting."



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Moshe Arens in Shdema Speaks: Warsaw Ghetto Events - Jewish World - News - Israel National News

Moshe Arens in Shdema Speaks: Warsaw Ghetto Events - Jewish World - News - Israel National News: "“If it was difficult to understand why 2 organizations were established, it was much easier to understand why they had difficulties merging together. Anielewicz’s organization was political and less militant," Arens stated. "His people were youth group participants. On the other hand, Frenkiel’s organization had a more military styled construct, people with military backgrounds who fought in the Polish army and trained in the Irgun’s cells. Anielewicz’s people couldn’t accept a situation where Frenkiel would command the fighting, despite being the most qualified”."



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Władysław Szpilman - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Władysław Szpilman - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia: "Szpilman's compositions include the suite for piano "Life of the Machines" 1932, Violin Concerto 1933, "Waltzer in the Olden Style" 1937, film soundtracks: "Świt, dzień i noc Palestyny" (1934), Wrzos (1938) and Doctor Murek (1939), Concertino for Piano and Orchestra (1940), Paraphrase on Own Themes (1948) "Ouverture for Symphonic Orchestra" (1968) and many very popular songs in Poland. His works are now published in printed editions by Boosey & Hawkes · Bote & BockBoosey Music Publishers in New York, Berlin and London [15]
In 1961 he initiated and organized Sopot International Song Festival produced in Poland every Summer, now for more than 50 years. He founded the Polish Union of Authors of Popular Music."



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Władysław Szpilman - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Władysław Szpilman - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia: "Szpilman was hiding out in an abandoned building at 223 Niepodległości Avenue when he was found in November by a German officer, Captain Wilm Hosenfeld. To Szpilman's surprise, the officer did not arrest or kill him; after discovering that the emaciated Szpilman was a pianist, Hosenfeld asked him to play something. (A piano was on the ground floor.) Szpilman played Chopin's Nocturne in C-sharp minor. After that, the officer showed Szpilman a better place to hide and brought him bread and jam on numerous occasions. He also offered Szpilman one of his coats to keep warm in the freezing temperatures"



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Władysław Szpilman - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Władysław Szpilman - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia: "Everyone in his family was deported in 1942 to Treblinka, an extermination camp within German-occupied Poland roughly 80.5 km (50.0 mi) northeast of Warsaw. A member of the Jewish Police (Jerzy Lewinski), who recognized Szpilman from a concert, pulled him from a line of people—including his parents, brother, and two sisters—being loaded onto a train at the transport site"



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Robinson Crusoes of Warsaw - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Robinson Crusoes of Warsaw - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia: "The group stockpiled water, coffee, medicines, fuel, and various foodstuffs.[19] Additionally, Beck kept a set of watercolors, crayons, ink and paper, which he used to illustrate life in the bunker.[note 8] Some of the members having fought in the uprising, the group also possessed a small cache of weapons, unusual for Robinsons. A dog, "Bunkierek" ("bunker puppy"), also stayed with them and, according to the memoirs, did not bark or make any noise.[19]"



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Robinson Crusoes of Warsaw - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Robinson Crusoes of Warsaw - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia: "The largest known group of Robinsons was composed of 37 people[7][note 7] under the leadership of Roman Fiszer and medical doctors, Dr. Beer and Prof. Henryk Beck. Beck was the director of a makeshift insurgent hospital during the uprising. As it became clear that the insurrection was going to fail, he and Cpt. Władysław Kowalski, a Home Army soldier who also decided to stay, converted two adjacent basements into a well-equipped and supplied hiding place"



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Robinson Crusoes of Warsaw - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Robinson Crusoes of Warsaw - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia: "The phenomenon of the hideaways was noticed soon after the Red Army captured Warsaw. On January 26, 1945, a bulletin of the Żydowska Agencja Prasowa (Jewish News Agency) reported that 48 individuals had emerged from hiding and referred to them as jaskiniowcy, or "cavemen". The term "Robinsons" soon became common, a reference to the fictional castaway Robinson Crusoe in the Daniel Defoe novel."



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Robinson Crusoes of Warsaw - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Robinson Crusoes of Warsaw - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia: "The Warsaw Uprising, which began on August 1, 1944, was an attempt by the Polish Home Army (Armia Krajowa, AK) to liberate the capital of Poland from Nazi occupation in advance of approaching Soviet forces.[1] The insurrectionists hoped for Soviet[2] and Allied support,[3] but in early August Joseph Stalin halted the Red Army on the right bank of the Vistula and denied British and American planes, which carried aid to the uprising, landing rights in Soviet controlled territory.[1] Despite the fact that in September the Soviets captured the Praga suburb[3] and allowed a few limited landings by Allied planes,"



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Robinson Crusoes of Warsaw - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Robinson Crusoes of Warsaw - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia: "The estimates of the number of hideaways vary from several hundred to about two thousand. Even though the majority of the Robinsons perished during the war, most of the information about their circumstances comes from those who survived. The largest group of hideaways consisted of probably around 36 individuals who were led by two medical doctors. The Robinsons also included a group of Jewish Combat Organization (Polish: Żydowska Organizacja Bojowa, ŻOB) Warsaw ghetto fighters, who managed to leave the ruined city in mid-November."



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Marek Edelman - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Marek Edelman - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia: "Former head of Israel's parliament and former Israeli ambassador to Poland Shevah Weiss said: "I'd like to offer my condolences to Marek Edelman's family, to the Polish nation and to the Jewish nation. He was a hero to all of us."[34] Ian Kelly, official spokesperson for the United States, expressed sympathies and affirmed that the United States "stands with Poland as it mourns the loss of a great man."[38]"



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Marek Edelman - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Marek Edelman - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia: ""there are few people like Marek Edelman."[11][34] Catholic Bishop Tadeusz Pieronek said: "I respect him most for the fact that he stayed in this land, which made him fight so hard for his Jewish and Polish identity. He became a real witness, he gave a real testimony with his life."[37] The former Polish Prime Minister, Tadeusz Mazowiecki, was also present and said Edelman had been a model for him.[36]"



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Marek Edelman - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Marek Edelman - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia: ""Many of the survivors of the uprising who settled in Israel could not forgive Edelman for his frequent criticism of Israel. When on my return from Warsaw I tried to convince a number of Israeli universities to award Edelman an honorary doctorate in recognition of his role in the Warsaw ghetto uprising, I ran into stubborn opposition led by Holocaust historians in Israel. He had received Poland's highest honor, and at the 65th commemoration of the Warsaw ghetto uprising he was awarded the French Legion of Honor medal. He died not having received the recognition from Israel that he so richly deserved." — Moshe Arens [33]"



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Marek Edelman - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Marek Edelman - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia: ""We knew perfectly well that we had no chance of winning. We fought simply not to allow the Germans alone to pick the time and place of our deaths. We knew we were going to die. Just like all the others who were sent to Treblinka.... Their death was far more heroic. We didn't know when we would take a bullet. They had to deal with certain death, stripped naked in a gas chamber or standing at the edge of a mass grave waiting for a bullet in the back of the head.... It was easier to die fighting than in a gas chamber."[7]"



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Marek Edelman - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Marek Edelman - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia: "The Germans proceeded to flush out the few remaining fighters by burning down the Ghetto - Edelman always insisted, "We were beaten by the flames, not the Germans."[7] At that juncture, couriers from the Polish underground outside the Ghetto came through the sewers that still linked it with the rest of Warsaw. On the morning of May 10, Edelman and his few remaining comrades escaped through the sewers and made their way to the non-Ghetto part of Warsaw to find safety among their Polish compatriots."



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Marek Edelman - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Marek Edelman - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia: "second day of the Uprising, while protecting the retreat of Edelman and other comrades, that another prominent insurgent and Bundist, Michał Klepfisz, was killed.[12] Over the next three weeks, the fighting was intense. The Jewish fighters killed and wounded scores of Nazis but inevitably sustained far greater losses. On May 8, ŻOB's commander, Mordechaj Anielewicz, was surrounded by German forces. He committed suicide, which meant that now Edelman was in charge. "After three weeks," he recalled, "most of us were dead."[7]"



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Marek Edelman - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Marek Edelman - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia: "to the Warsaw Ghetto. In 1942, as a Bund youth leader he co-founded the underground Jewish Combat Organization (Żydowska Organizacja Bojowa, ŻOB). In the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising of April–May 1943, led by Mordechaj Anielewicz, Edelman was one of the three sub-commanders and then became the leader after the death of Anielewicz.[11]
When the Germans had stopped their campaign of transporting Ghetto residents to Treblinka extermination camp in September 1942, only 60,000 had remained.[7]"



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Marek Edelman - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Marek Edelman - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia: "Before his death in 2009, Edelman was the last surviving leader of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising.
Before World War II, he was a General Jewish Labour Bund activist.

The last survivor of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising- Marek Edlemen z'l (died 2009)

During the war he co-founded the Jewish Combat Organization (ŻOB). He took part in the 1943 Warsaw Ghetto Uprising, becoming its leader after the death of Mordechaj Anielewicz. He also took part in the city-wide 1944 Warsaw Uprising."



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Warsaw Ghetto Uprising | Warsaw Life

Warsaw Ghetto Uprising | Warsaw Life: "From that point until April the Germans deportation plans were delayed, Nazi collaborators killed, and the Z.O.B (along with other Jewish fighting forces) were in virtually complete control of the Ghetto. Meanwhile the Polish underground movement, impressed by the Jews courage, supplied the Z.O.B with more and better weaponry. In this three month period virtually all attempts to arrest and capture Jews failed, several Germans soldiers were killed, and a number of attempts to lure the Jews out, with promises of working in concentration camps in excellent and safe conditions, failed."



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Warsaw Ghetto Uprising | Warsaw Life

Warsaw Ghetto Uprising | Warsaw Life: "They offered their first resistance on 18th January 1943, when a large group of Germans soldiers arrived intent on rounding up more Jews for deportation. In fact the Z.O.B (Zydowska Organizacja Bojowa, or the Jewish Fighters Organization) had been planning an attack on the Jewish Police (who collaborated with the Nazis) for the 22nd, but when the Germans marched into the Ghetto they decided to engage them in combat."



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Warsaw Ghetto Uprising | Warsaw Life

Warsaw Ghetto Uprising | Warsaw Life: " They offered their first resistance on 18th January 1943, when a large group of Germans soldiers arrived intent on rounding up more Jews for deportation. In fact the Z.O.B (Zydowska Organizacja Bojowa, or the Jewish Fighters Organization) had been planning an attack on the Jewish Police (who collaborated with the Nazis) for the 22nd, but when the Germans marched into the Ghetto they decided to engage them in combat"



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Warsaw Ghetto Uprising | Warsaw Life

Warsaw Ghetto Uprising | Warsaw Life: "The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising refers to the armed resistance of the Jews in the Warsaw Ghetto in the early months of 1943. It should not be confused with the Warsaw Uprising of 1944, in which the non-Jewish Poles rose up against Nazi oppression (although some survivors of the Ghetto Uprising did join this fight). The latter was a bid for freedom, with a realistic chance of success; the former was the decision to die fighting, rather than accept death at the German execution camps."



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"School of Dialogue" – an educational programme of the Forum for Dialogue Among Nations - Culture, social and educational projects - Town today - Warszawa - Virtual Shtetl

"School of Dialogue" – an educational programme of the Forum for Dialogue Among Nations - Culture, social and educational projects - Town today - Warszawa - Virtual Shtetl: "broadening the knowledge that students have about the presence of Jews in Poland over the centuries and their influence on social, cultural and economic development of our country. As part of the programme, its young participants, who are supervised by Forum's educators, explore the pre-war history of Jews, who used to reside in places the young people live today, and then, on their own, prapare projects that commemorate the communities. "



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Warsaw Ghetto Uprising

Warsaw Ghetto Uprising: "During the attempted deportation, a group of resistance fighters openly attacked SS guards. Other residents hid in makeshift hiding places and did not line up at the assembly places. When the Nazis left the ghetto after only four days and having only deported approximately 5,000 Jews, many ghetto residents felt a wave of success. Perhaps, just perhaps, the Nazis wouldn’t deport them if they resisted."



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The American Experience.America and the Holocaust.People & Events | The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising (April 19 - May 16, 1943) | PBS

The American Experience.America and the Holocaust.People & Events | The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising (April 19 - May 16, 1943) | PBS: "On May 8, Anielewicz was killed. By May 15th, the shooting had become so intermittent that it was clear the ghetto fighters had been defeated. As a sign of the German victory, the Nazi commander blew up the great Tlomacki Synagogue. "



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The American Experience.America and the Holocaust.People & Events | The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising (April 19 - May 16, 1943) | PBS

The American Experience.America and the Holocaust.People & Events | The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising (April 19 - May 16, 1943) | PBS: "At 3am on the morning of April 19, the Nazis surrounded the ghetto and the battle began. Between 2000 Germans armed with a tank, two armored cars, three light-anti-aircraft guns, one medium howitzer, heavy and light machine guns, flame throwers, rifles, pistols and grenades faced off against 700-750 Jewish resistance fighters. The Jews had managed to stockpile a few thousand grenades, as well as a few hundred rifles, revolvers and pistols. But they possessed only two or three light machine guns. The Germans planned to clear the ghetto of 60,000 Jews in three days. The Jews hoped to hold out as long as possible. "



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The American Experience.America and the Holocaust.People & Events | The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising (April 19 - May 16, 1943) | PBS

The American Experience.America and the Holocaust.People & Events | The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising (April 19 - May 16, 1943) | PBS: "Each political group formed its own "battle group" which came under the central command of a 24-year-old named Mordecai Anielewicz."



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The American Experience.America and the Holocaust.People & Events | The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising (April 19 - May 16, 1943) | PBS

The American Experience.America and the Holocaust.People & Events | The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising (April 19 - May 16, 1943) | PBS: "January 1943 the Nazis surprised the Jewish fighters, by suddenly deporting 6500 Jews. A struggle ensued in which a German police officer was badly injured and the planned mass deportation came to a halt. Enraged by the incident, Nazi leader Heinrich Himmler ordered the liquidation of the ghetto. The emptied district was then to be razed to the ground. "



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The American Experience.America and the Holocaust.People & Events | The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising (April 19 - May 16, 1943) | PBS

The American Experience.America and the Holocaust.People & Events | The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising (April 19 - May 16, 1943) | PBS: "In the fall of 1942, almost all the factions in the ghetto decided to resist future deportations. Each political group formed its own "battle group" which came under the central command of a 24-year-old named Mordecai Anielewicz. The armed resistance prepared for the conflict by building bunkers and shelters."



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The American Experience.America and the Holocaust.People & Events | The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising (April 19 - May 16, 1943) | PBS

The American Experience.America and the Holocaust.People & Events | The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising (April 19 - May 16, 1943) | PBS: "ring of 1941, German industries set up workshops in the ghetto, which operated with the use of forced Jewish labor. For the most part, these small factory operations were created to support the German war effort. For that reason, Jews employed in them were saved from the first deportations to the death centers. The Nazis began transporting Jews in the summer of 1942"



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The American Experience.America and the Holocaust.People & Events | The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising (April 19 - May 16, 1943) | PBS

The American Experience.America and the Holocaust.People & Events | The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising (April 19 - May 16, 1943) | PBS: "ring of 1941, German industries set up workshops in the ghetto, which operated with the use of forced Jewish labor. For the most part, these small factory operations were created to support the German war effort. For that reason, Jews employed in them were saved from the first deportations to the death centers. The Nazis began transporting Jews in the summer of 1942"



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The American Experience.America and the Holocaust.People & Events | The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising (April 19 - May 16, 1943) | PBS

The American Experience.America and the Holocaust.People & Events | The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising (April 19 - May 16, 1943) | PBS: "ring of 1941, German industries set up workshops in the ghetto, which operated with the use of forced Jewish labor. For the most part, these small factory operations were created to support the German war effort. For that reason, Jews employed in them were saved from the first deportations to the death centers. The Nazis began transporting Jews in the summer of 1942"



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The American Experience.America and the Holocaust.People & Events | The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising (April 19 - May 16, 1943) | PBS

The American Experience.America and the Holocaust.People & Events | The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising (April 19 - May 16, 1943) | PBS: "On July 20th, they issued an order for "non-productive" elements to prepare for a "resettlement" program that would begin two days later. The order provoked widespread panic throughout the ghetto. Jews who didn't have work cards frantically tried to get them. Ordered to organize the deportations, the head of the Jewish council committed suicide. The very same day, a group of Jewish leaders met to discuss whether or not to resist the orders"



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Organizations and associations - Jewish community before 1989 - Warszawa - Virtual Shtetl

Organizations and associations - Jewish community before 1989 - Warszawa - Virtual Shtetl: "Museum of the History of Polish Jews
6 Anielewicza Street
00-157 Warsaw

tel. +48 22 471 03 00
fax. +48 22 47 10 398"



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The American Experience.America and the Holocaust.People & Events | The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising (April 19 - May 16, 1943) | PBS

The American Experience.America and the Holocaust.People & Events | The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising (April 19 - May 16, 1943) | PBS: "In a desperate last stand, the remaining Jewish inhabitants of the walled-in enclave began a hopeless month-long battle against the Nazis. It was the first time during the war that resistance fighters in an area under German control had staged an uprising."



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Warsaw Ghetto Resistance Organization Formed in U.S. by Ex-members | Jewish Telegraphic Agency

Warsaw Ghetto Resistance Organization Formed in U.S. by Ex-members | Jewish Telegraphic Agency: "Objectives of WAGRO, Mr. Turkow said, are as follows: “To spread the facts about the civilian resistance during the entire German occupation and the military resistance against the Nazi murderers that culminated in the heroic Warsaw Ghetto Uprising in 1943"



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Jews hail new papal saints who revolutionized ties with Catholics | Reuters

Jews hail new papal saints who revolutionized ties with Catholics | Reuters: "became the first pope since ancient times to visit a synagogue. On a visit to Jerusalem's Western Wall, he left a note saying he was "deeply saddened by the behavior of those who in the course of history have caused these children of yours to suffer.""



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Washington Workshops Foundation: About

Washington Workshops Foundation: About: "Civic education organizations such as “We the People”
Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics (STEM) focused schools (Metro: Columbus, OH)
Religious education based schools"



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Disconcerting - Definition and More from the Free Merriam-Webster Dictionary

Disconcerting - Definition and More from the Free Merriam-Webster Dictionary: "Origin of DISCONCERT

obsolete French disconcerter, alteration of Middle French desconcerter, from des- dis- + concerter to concert
First Known Use: 1687
Related to DISCONCERT

Synonyms
abash, confound, confuse, discomfit, embarrass, discountenance, faze, fluster, mortify, nonplus, rattle
Related Words
agitate, bother, chagrin, discomfort, discompose, dismay, disquiet, distress, disturb, perturb, put off, put out, unhinge, unsettle, upset;"



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